This region includes Zhejiang Province, Jiangxi Province, Shanghai, the central and south Jiangsu Province, the central and south Anhui Province, the central and east Hubei Province, the central and east Hunan Province, the central and north Fujian Province, as well as small portions of Henan and Guangdong Provinces. Three quarters of the region is hilly area and the other quarter is plain. Located in the north and middle subtropical zones, the region enjoys abundant rainfall and is covered by the mixed forest of evergreen deciduous and broad-leaf trees and by the evergreen broad-leaf forest respectively.

In the whole region there are about 3,000 kinds of resources of Chinese materia medica, which include over 2,500 plants, about 300 animals and about 50 minerals. Among the famous genuine medicinal plants in the region are those growing in Zhejiang, Fritillaria thunbergii (Zhe Beimu), Ophiopogon japonicus (Maidong), Scrophularia ningpoensis (Xuanshen), Atractyloses macrocephala (Baizhu), Paeonla lactiflora (Baishao), Dendranthema morifolium (Hang Juhua), Corydalis yanhusuo (Yanhusuo) and Curcuma wenyujin (Wen Yujin). Other famous drugs include Dendrobium huoshanense (Huoshan Shihu), Chaenomeles speciosa (Xuanzhou Mugua) and Paeonia suffruticosa (Tongling Mudanpi) growing in Aihui, Atractylodes lancea (Mao Cangzhu) grown in Jiangsu, Citrus aurantium (Qingjiang Zhiqiao) growing in Jiangxi, Atractylodes macrocephala (Pingjiang Baizhu) in Hunan, Alisma orientalis (Jian Zexie) and Nelumbo nucifera (Jian Lianzi) in Fujian, as well as Cornus officinalis (Shanzhuyu), Poria cocos (Fuling), Mentha haplocalyx (Bohe), Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Taizishen), Stephania tetrandra (Fenfangji), Piper kadsura (Haifengteng), Ligustrum lucidum (Nuzhenzi), Gardenia jasminiodes (Zhizi) and Prunela vulgaris (Xiakucao). The animal drugs include Trionyx sinensis (Biejia), Chinemys reevesii (Guijia), Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans (Wugong), etc.

The development of the resources of Chinese materia medica in the region relies not only on the further plantation of the existing famous genuine medicinal plants, but also on the increase of the plantation of Crocus sativus (Xihonghua) introduced from abroad, Dendrobium huoshanense (Huoshan Shihu) and Poria cocos (Fuling), and the breeding of Trionyx sinensis (Biejia), Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans (Wugong) and Bungarus multicinctus (Jinqian Baihuashe).