This region includes the mid-south Heilongjiang Province, the west Jilin Province, the northwest Liaoning Province, the north Hebei and Shanxi Provinces, and the central and east Inner-Mongolia Region. The east part of the region is mountains and plain; the central part is mountains and plateaus; the south part has also a high altitude; and the north part is the vast grassland. The most part of the region has dry and cold winter, and the summer of the region is cool. The tree coverage in the north and west parts of the region is mainly Mongolian plant system, while the east and the south parts of the region have North China plant system and Changbai Mountain plant system respectively.

Over 1,200 kinds Chinese materia medica in the region include more than 1,000 medicinal plants, a great majority of which are herbaceous plants. The famous genuine medicinal materials of the region are wild and garden-grown Astragalus memranaceus var. mongholicus or A. membranaceus (Inner-Mongolia Huangqi), the production of which accounts for 80% of that of the whole country. The medicinal plants of the region famous for their great yield are Paeonia lactiflora (Duolun Chishao), Saposhnikovia divaricata (Guan Fangfeng) and Anemarrhena asphodeloides (Zhimu). Other medicinal plants with big yield are Ephedra sinica (Mahuang), Scutellaria baicalensis (Huangqin), Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Gancao), Polygala tenuifolia (Yuanzhi), Gentiana manshurica or G. Triflora (Longdan), Cerasus humilis (Yuliren), Typha angustata or T. Davidiana (Puhuang), Platycodon grandiflorum (Jiegeng), Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa (Suanzaoren), Atractylodes lancea var. chinensis (Cangzhu), Bupleurum chinense (Caihu), Gentiana macrophylla (Qinjiao), etc. The main animal drugs are Fel Ursi (Xiongdan), pilose antler (Lurong) and black chicken. The main mineral drugs include cypsum , mirabilite, fossil bone of ancient large mammals, quartz, etc.

To develop the resources of Chinese materia medica of the region, suitable places should be chosen as semi-wild production bases for genuine medicinal plants, such as Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Gancao), Ephedra sinica (Mahuang), Saposhnikovia divaricata (Fangfeng), Astragalus membranaceus var. Mongholicus (Huangqi), Paeonia lactiflora (Chishao) and Anemarrhena asphodeloides (Zhimu). At the same time, the systemic research of the Mongolian drugs of the region should also be further deepened.